Jakarta, INTI - In this modern era, robots and industrial automation have brought a major revolution to various sectors of the economy. The use of advanced machines powered by artificial intelligence (AI) is on the rise, leading many to wonder: Will human jobs in the industry disappear entirely?
The Rise of Automation in Industry
Automation has long been an integral part of manufacturing industries. From simple machines to advanced robots, this technology helps accelerate production and improve efficiency. For instance, robots used in automotive factories to assemble vehicles have significantly cut down production time. However, with AI advancements, robots are no longer limited to performing simple mechanical tasks. They can now learn, adapt, and carry out complex tasks that were once only possible for humans.
According to a report by the McKinsey Global Institute, by 2030, up to 800 million jobs worldwide could be replaced by automation. In Indonesia, approximately 23 million jobs are expected to be impacted by automation, particularly in the manufacturing and service sectors.
What Will Happen to Human Jobs?
The pressing question is, what will happen to human labor? Will we see a surge in unemployment as machines become smarter and take over human tasks?
In certain sectors, such as manufacturing and logistics, robots have already taken over monotonous, repetitive, and hazardous tasks. The clearest example is Amazon, which employs over 200,000 robots in its warehouses to assist in the delivery process. The use of these robots has significantly sped up the supply chain, but at the same time, thousands of human jobs are under threat.
However, not all jobs can be replaced by robots. Jobs that require creativity, interpersonal skills, and complex decision-making are still difficult to automate. For instance, professions in arts, design, management, and healthcare will still rely heavily on human expertise.
Workforce Adaptation
To prepare for a future filled with automation, workers need to adapt. This includes learning new skills relevant to technology. This is where education and reskilling play a crucial role. Countries like Germany have taken proactive steps in this regard. Their "Industry 4.0" program focuses on training workers to operate and manage advanced machines in fully automated industrial environments.
In Indonesia, the government has also developed strategies through the creation of superior human resources (HR) who are better prepared to face the challenges of Industry 4.0. However, much remains to be done to ensure that Indonesian workers can compete in an increasingly digitalized global market.
The Future of Work: Collaboration Between Humans and Machines
Rather than viewing robots as a threat, many experts believe the future of work will emphasize collaboration between humans and machines. Robotic technology can help humans complete tasks faster and more efficiently, while humans are still needed to provide strategic guidance and make complex decisions.
For instance, in the medical field, robots are already being used to perform precision surgeries, but doctors are still responsible for overseeing and making decisions during the procedure. This is an example of how robotic technology and human labor can work together to achieve better results.
Statistical Data on the Changing Labor Structure
Data from the International Labour Organization (ILO) shows that automation will affect around 1.2 billion workers worldwide. In the manufacturing sector, more than 20% of tasks currently performed by humans are expected to be automated within the next 10 years. In Indonesia, the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) notes that 30% of the workforce in the industrial sector is at risk of being affected by automation.
However, data from the World Economic Forum also shows that automation will create 58 million new high-skilled jobs by 2025. This indicates that while some jobs will disappear, others will emerge.
Conclusion
Robots and automation are indeed reshaping the global workforce, but this doesn't mean that all human jobs will vanish. Instead, automation creates new opportunities for workers to grow and adapt. With the right education and training, humans can remain relevant and collaborate with technology to create a more productive and efficient future.
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